In today’s technologically advanced world, it’s hard to imagine life without digital devices. From smartphones and tablets to laptops and desktop computers, these gadgets have become an integral part of our daily lives.
However, as we become increasingly reliant on digital screens, a new health concern has emerged: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), also known as digital eye strain.
While CVS affects people of all ages, Nigerian adolescents are particularly vulnerable to its effects. Not only are they spending more time than ever in front of screens, but they are also at a critical stage of development where excessive screen time can have far-reaching consequences on their physical and mental well-being.
The eye strain epidemic
According to a recent study by the University of Lagos, the average Nigerian office worker spends seven hours a day on the computer, either in the office or while working from home.
But it’s not just adults who are spending a significant portion of their day staring at screens. Nigerian adolescents are also falling prey to the lure of digital devices, with many spending hours watching popular drama series, scrolling through social media feeds, or playing video games.
This prolonged exposure to digital screens can lead to a host of eye-related problems, including eye strain, headaches, blurred vision, dry eyes, and neck and shoulder pain. Dr. Adanna Okonkwo, an optometrist based in Enugu, explains, “When we focus on a digital screen for extended periods, our blink rate decreases, which can lead to dry, irritated eyes.
Additionally, the blue light emitted by these devices can cause eye strain and disrupt our sleep patterns.”
The 20-20-20 rule, which involves taking a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet away, can help alleviate some of the symptoms of CVS. However, for many Nigerian adolescents, this may be easier said than done, as the addictive nature of social media and gaming can make it difficult to tear themselves away from their screens.
Toll of excessive screen time
While the impact of CVS on eye health is well-documented, recent research has shed light on the broader physiological effects of excessive screen time on Nigerian adolescents.
A study conducted by Grace O. Otinwa and Victor D. Ademola from the University of Lagos, published in the Journal of Research, found that high screen time was significantly associated with increased blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and decreased muscular strength and endurance among the participants.
The study, which involved 60 students from three schools in Lagos Mainland Local Government Area, found that adolescents with high screen time had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to those with low screen time.
The mean systolic blood pressure for the high screen time group was 128.34 mmHg, while the low screen time group had a mean of 116.89 mmHg. Similarly, the mean diastolic blood pressure was 78.21 mmHg for the high screen time group and 73.02 mmHg for the low screen time group.
Dr. Ifeoma Nwosu, a pediatrician based in Lagos, warns, “The increase in blood pressure associated with excessive screen time is a serious concern, as it can lead to the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular problems later in life. It’s crucial that we encourage Nigerian adolescents to adopt healthier habits and limit their screen time.”
The study also found that excessive screen time had a detrimental effect on the body composition of Nigerian adolescents. The high screen time group had a higher mean BMI (21.34 kg/m2) compared to the low screen time group (19.31 kg/m2). The same trend was observed for the waist-to-hip ratio, with the high screen time group having a mean of 0.87 and the low screen time group having a mean of 0.71.
Dr. Nwosu adds, “The sedentary nature of excessive screen time, combined with the tendency to snack on unhealthy foods while watching TV or playing video games, can contribute to weight gain and obesity. This, in turn, increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders.”
Moreover, the study revealed that excessive screen time had a negative impact on the muscular strength and endurance of Nigerian adolescents. The high screen time group had a lower mean hand grip strength (18.37 kg) compared to the low screen time group (24.09 kg).
Similarly, the high screen time group performed fewer repetitions in the 30-second sit-up test (10.27 reps) compared to the low screen time group (14.01 reps).
Dr. Okonkwo explains, “As adolescents spend more time in front of screens, they are missing out on opportunities to engage in physical activities that promote muscular strength and endurance. This can have long-term consequences on their overall physical fitness and well-being.”
The digital dilemma
The findings of these studies highlight the urgent need for Nigerian society to address the growing problem of excessive screen time and its impact on adolescent health. Parents, educators, and healthcare professionals must work together to promote healthy screen habits and encourage physical activity.
Dr. Nwosu suggests, “Parents can set screen time limits, create screen-free zones in the home, and model healthy behavior by reducing their own screen time. Schools can incorporate physical activity breaks and promote outdoor play during recess. Healthcare professionals can educate families about the risks associated with excessive screen time and provide guidance on how to establish a healthy balance.”
Additionally, the government can play a role in raising awareness about the dangers of excessive screen time and implementing policies that promote healthy lifestyles among Nigerian youth.
Conclusion
The digital dilemma facing Nigerian adolescents is a complex one, with excessive screen time leading to both Computer Vision Syndrome and a range of physiological problems. As a society, we must take proactive steps to address this issue and promote healthy screen habits among our youth.
By working together to educate, encourage, and support Nigerian adolescents in adopting healthier lifestyles, we can help mitigate the negative impact of excessive screen time and ensure a brighter, healthier future for the next generation.
It’s time to acknowledge the digital elephant in the room and take action to protect the health and well-being of Nigerian adolescents in the face of an increasingly digital world.
